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Monday, September 12, 2016
Sunday, August 21, 2016
20 PROVEN COCONUT OIL BENEFITS
According to medical research, coconut oil benefits the body in the following ways:
alzheimers Illustration
1. Proven Alzheimer’s Disease Natural Treatment
The digestion of MCFA’s by the liver creates ketones which are a readily accessible energy by the brain. Ketones supply energy to the brain without the need of insulin to process glucose into energy.
Recent research has shown that the brain actually creates it’s own insulin to process glucose and power brain cells. As the brain of an Alzheimer’s patient has lost the ability to create it’s own insulin, the ketones from coconut oil could create an alternate source of energy to help repair brain function. (1, 2)
2. Prevents Heart Disease and High Blood Pressure
Coconut oil is high in natural saturated fats. Saturated fats not only increase the healthy cholesterol (known as HDL) in your body, but also help to convert the LDL “bad” cholesterol into good cholesterols.
By Increasing the HDL’s in the body, it helps promote heart health, and lower the risk of heart disease.
Human Kidneys, urinary system
3. Cures UTI and Kidney Infection & Protects the Liver
Coconut oil has been known to clear up and heal urinary (UTI) and kidney infections. The MCFA’s in the oil work as a natural antibiotic by disrupting the lipid coating on bacteria and killing them. Also there is a study showing that coconut oil directly protected the liver from damage.
Coconut water also helps hydrate and support the healing process. Doctors have even injected the coconut water to clear up kidney stones. Coconut is a super powerful food!
4. Reduces Inflammation and Arthritis
In a study in India, the high levels of antioxidants present in virgin coconut oil reduced inflammation and healing arthritis more effectively than leading medications. (4)
In another recent study, coconut oil that was harvested with only medium heat was found to suppress inflammatory cells. It worked as both an analgesic and anti-inflammatory.
Fighting cancer
5. Cancer Prevention and Treatment
Coconut oil has two qualities that help it fight cancer. One, because of the ketones produced in it’s digestion. Tumor cells are not able to access the energy in ketones and are glucose dependent. It is believed that a ketogenic diet could be a possible component of helping cancer patients recover.
Two, as the MCFA’s digest the lipid walls of bacteria, they also can kill the helicobacter pylori bacteria that has been known as increasing the risk of stomach cancer. Even in studies where cancer is chemically induced, the introduction of coconut oil prevents cancer from developing!
6. Immune System Boost (antibacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral)
Coconut oil contains lauric acid, which is known to reduce candida, fight bacteria, and create a hostile environment for viruses. Many diseases today are causes by the overgrowth of bad bacteria, funguses, viruses and parasites in the body.
You can replace grains and sugar in your diet with coconut oil as your natural fuel source when you’re sick. Sugar feeds the growth of bad bacteria. Instead take 1 TBSP of coconut oil 3x daily when sick and consume plenty of vegetables and bone broth as well.
bright ideas lightbulb, memory
7. Improves Memory and Brain Function
In a 2004 study published in the journal of Neurobiology of Aging, they found that the MCFA’s found in coconut oil improved the memory problems in their older subjects.
Across all the patients there was a marked improvement in their recall ability after taking this fatty acid. As the MCFA’s are absorbed easily in the body and can be accessed in the brain without the use of insulin, they are able to fuel brain cells more efficiently. (5)
8. Improves Energy and Endurance
Coconut oil is easy to digest, but also produces a longer sustained energy and increases your metabolism. When taking a quality non-processed coconut oil, you can get the most benefit as it’s MCFA’s are sent directly to the liver to be converted into energy!
Today, many triathletes will use coconut oil as their source of fuels during training and races for long distance events. You can make a homemade energy fuel by mixing coconut oil, raw honey and chia seeds together. Simply put together 1 TBSP of each and consume 30 minutes prior to exercise.
Gastritis, Stomach Ulcers improvement
9. Improves Digestion, Reduces Stomach Ulcers & Ulcerative Colitis
Coconut also improves digestion as it helps the body to absorb fat-soluble vitamins, calcium, and magnesium.
If coconut oil is taken at the same time as omega-3 fatty acids, it can make them twice as effective, as they are readily available to be digested and used by the body.
Coconut oil can help improve bacteria and gut health by destroying bad bacteria and candida. Candida imbalance especially can decrease stomach acid which causes inflammation and poor digestion.
10. Reduces Symptoms of Gallbladder Disease & Pancreatitis
The MCFA’s of coconut oil do not need the pancreatic enzymes to be broken down, so taking coconut oil eases the strain on the pancreas.
Additionally, this super fat is so easy to digest that it has been known to improve the symptoms of gallbladder disease as well. Replace other long-chain fats with coconut oil to improve gallbladder and total body health.
11. Improves Skin Issues (burns, eczema, dandruff, dermatitis, and psoriasis)
Coconut oil is wonderful as a face cleanser, moisturizer and sun screen, but also it can treat many skin disorders. The fatty acids (Caprylic and Lauric) in coconut oil reduce inflammation internally and externally and moisturize making them a great solution for all types of skin conditions.
It protects the skin and has many antioxidants that make it ideal for healing the skin. In addition the antimicrobial properties balance out the candida or fungal sources that can cause many skin conditions.
healthy teeth and gums, bright white smile
12. Prevents Gum Disease and Tooth Decay
Oil pulling with coconut oil has been used for centuries as a way to cleanse the mouth of bacteria and help heal periodontal disease. Coconut oil is one of the most effective oils for oil pulling due to it’s high concentration of antibacterial MCFA’s.
By swishing the oil in your mouth the oil denatures the bacteria and sticks to it. Removing oral bacteria greatly reduces your risk of periodontal disease. If you want to heal your gums and repair your teeth, I recommend coconut oil pulling 3x a week for 20 minutes a day.
13. Prevents Osteoporosis
Oxidative stress and free radicals are the two biggest culprits of osteoporosis. Since coconut oil has such high levels of antioxidants which help fight free radicals, it is a leading natural treatment for osteoporosis.
Another of the amazing coconut oil benefits is that it increases calcium absorption in the gut. Research with osteoporosis has found that coconut oil not only increases bone volume and structure in subjects, but also decreased bone loss due to osteoporosis. (6)
Man writing Diabetes
14. Improves Type II Diabetes
When cells refuse to respond to insulin and no longer take in glucose for energy, then they are considered insulin resistant. The pancreas then pumps out more insulin to compensate and creates an overproduction cycle. Insulin resistance is the precursor to Type II diabetes.
The MCFA’s in coconut oil helps balance the insulin reactions in the cells and promote healthy digestive process. They take off the strain on the pancreas and give the body a consistent energy source that is not dependent on glucose reactions which can prevent insulin resistance and Type II diabetes.
Weight loss, losing inches
15. Coconut Oil for Weight loss
Because of the energy creating abilities of coconut oil, it is no wonder that it is beneficial in losing weight. It helps to burn fat, decrease appetite and it studies it was especially helpful in losing belly fat!
Coconut’s ability to help you shed fat has been well established. A 1985 study published in the Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health proved that a single injection of capric acid resulted in “initially rapid, then gradual decrease in food consumption and a parallel loss of body weight” in male rats.
It might seem counterintuitive to assume that eating coconut oil (a fat) will contribute to fat loss, but it is actually quite logical. The key to understanding this phenomenon lays in the multidimensional ability of the MCFAs to control a variety of physiological processes.
For example, in the 1985 study mentioned above, it was discovered that capric acid shows significant improvements in thyroid function, helps lower resting heart rate, and assists your body in burning fat for energy.
More recently, the Obesity Research Journal published a study from Boston University Medical School that gives us a clue why MCFAs have fat burning ability. (7)
Testing the effects that MFCAs have on fat breakdown, adipose (fatty) cells in rats were pretreated with caprylic acid. They observed that fat breakdown occurred at such a significant level that it literally mimicked the characteristics of fasting.
Fasting, in this sense, is not to be regarded as negative, but positive in that the body uses its energy reserves most effectively and speeds up the breakdown of needless fat reserves.
In the words of the researchers who conducted this study, “Such changes could contribute, in part, to weight loss in animals and humans associated with dietary medium-chain fatty acids.”
man flexing muscle bicep
16. Building Muscle and Losing Body Fat
MCFAs aren’t just good for burning fat; they are also great for building muscle. The MCFAs found in coconut are also used in popular muscle building products like Muscle Milk™.
The vast majority of heavily produced supplements however, use processed forms of MCFAs. By eating actual coconuts, however, you get the “real deal.” I recommend adding 3 tbsp of coconut oil to a muscle building shake daily.
17. Coconut Oil Benefits for Hair Care
If you have dandruff or dry hair coconut oil has the perfect fatty acids to help improve these conditions. You can make homemade coconut lavender shampoo to improve your hair and use straight coconut oil as an all natural hair conditioner.
To get rid of dandruff and to thicken hair massage 1 tbsp coconut oil mixed with 10 drops of rosemary essential oil into your scalp for 3 minutes. Then shower 30 minutes later.
18. Candida and Yeast Infections
A study published in the journal of Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy found the capric acid and lauric acid in coconut oil were an effective natural treatment for candida albicans and yeast infections.
To effectively kill candida and treat yeast infections remove processed sugar and refined grains from your diet and consume plenty of healthy fats. Take 1 tbsp of coconut oil 3x daily as a supplement. (8)
19. Coconut Oil for Anti-aginganti-aging woman's face
According to research published in the medical journal Food and Function, coconut oil improves antioxidant levels and can slow aging. Coconut oil works by reducing stress on the liver and by lowering oxidative stress. (9)
Also, they found that coconut oil may support detoxification because of how it works with the liver. To naturally slow aging take 1 tbsp of coconut oil with anti-oxidant rich berries for breakfast. You can also apply it directly to skin for additional benefits and smoothing.
20. Coconut Oil for Hormone Balance
Using coconut oil benefits your hormones as well! Coconut oil may help naturally balance hormones because it’s a great source of saturated fat including lauric acid. Studies have found that coconut oil may be an excellent fat to consume during menopause and also may have positives effects on estrogen levels. (10)
In order to naturally balance hormones reduce sugar and grain consumption and load up on healthy fats from coconut, avocado, flax seeds and ghee.
Proven Coconut Oil Health Benefits List infographic
Coconut Oil Side Effects
There are rarely any side effects for coconut oil. Occasionally a contact allergy may occur for certain individuals that are allergic to coconuts. Some of the cleaning products created by coconut oil have been known to cause contact allergies as well, but it is not common. (11) In fact, coconut oil is known for reducing side effects of many medications. And in studies, it reduced the symptoms and side effects of cancer treatments! (12)
Coconut OilHow to Take Coconut Oil
I use coconut oil for all of my cooking and baking, and I will often put a tablespoon of it in my morning smoothie. You can also apply it directly to your skin or as a carrier for essential oils or blends.
*WARNING – refined or processed coconut oil can be bleached, over-heated, and chemically processed to increase its shelf-life. Processing the oil changes the chemical makeup and the fats are no longer good for you!
Thursday, August 18, 2016
DO YOU KNOW THE USES OF COCONUT OIL, DO YOU KNOW THAT YOU NEED TO HAVE ATLEAST A BOTTLE OF COCONUT OIL
Monday, August 15, 2016
SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON NUTRITIVE AND CURATIVE EFFECTS OF SOME KNOWN SPICES BY CHINEDU J.
SEMINAR PRESENTATION
ON
NUTRITIVE AND CURATIVE EFFECTS OF SOME KNOWN SPICES
BY
CHINEDU J.E.
DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to God Almighty for His wisdom and Guidance throughout this seminar work.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I wish to express my profound gratitude to God Almighty who saw me throughout this research work.
My honest gratitude goes to my wonderful supervisors, Mr. Onyemenonu Christopher and Mr. Kelechi Ubaka whose contributions and corrections as well as guidance helped me a lot in carrying out this research work.
My sincere appreciation goes to the Head of Department, Dr. Ali Bilar Alex.
I wish to express my joy and happiness to my wonderful parents for their moral and financial support and to my good friends Opara Prince Sokky, Nwachukwu Faith, Etimakan Christian and to those who also contributed in one way or the other to see to the success of this research work.
ABSTRACT
This research work was carried out to determine the nutritive and curative effects of some known species, (thyme, ginger and garlic). Thyme is native to areas such as Asia, Southern Europe and Mediterranean region. Ginger is also produced in Jamaica, India, Fiji, Indonesia and Australia. Spices are nutritive and because of their nutritive and curative effects, they are very useful in the health sector for the treatments of many aliments such as ulcer. Also, ginger can be used to protect colorectal cancer and induces cell death in ovarian cancer cells.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page - - - - - - - - i
Certification - - - - - - - - ii
Dedication - - - - - - - - iii
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - iv
Abstract - - - - - - - - - v
Table of Contents - - - - - - - vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction - - - - - - - 1
1.1 Statement of Problems - - - - - 1
1.2 Scope of Study - - - - - - 2
1.3 Aims and Objectives - - - - - 2
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review - - - - - - 3
2.1 Thyme (Thymus Vulgaris) - - - - 5
2.1.1 Health Benefits - - - - - - 7
2.1.2 Cultivated Areas - - - - - - 7
2.1.3 Nutritional Profile - - - - - - 8
2.1.4 How to Store and Select - - - - 8
2.1.5 Significant Anti-Oxidant Protection of Cellular Membranes - - - - - - - 9
2.2 Ginger - - - - - - - - 10
2.2.1 History - - - - - - - - 11
2.2.2 Individual Concerns - - - - - - 12
2.2.3 Health Benefits - - - - - - - 12
2.2.4 Gastrointestinal Relief - - - - - 13
2.2.5 Safe and Effective Relief of Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy - - - - - - 13
2.2.6 Anti-Inflammatory Effects - - - - 14
2.2.7 Protection against Colorectal Cancer - - 15
2.2.8 Ginger Induces Cell death in Ovarian Cancer Cell 17
2.2.9 Immune Boosting Action - - - - 18
2.2.10 How to select and store - - - - - 20
2.2.11 Tips for preparing ginger - - - - 21
2.3 Garlic (Allium sativum) - - - - - 21
2.3.1 Origin and major types - - - - - 21
2.3.2 Subspecies and varieties - - - - 22
2.3.3 Cultivation - - - - - - - 23
2.3.4 Production Trends - - - - - 24
2.3.5 Storage - - - - - - - 25
2.3.6 Culinary Uses- - - - - - - 26
2.3.7 Historical Uses - - - - - - 27
2.3.8 Medicinal Uses - - - - - - 28
2.3.9 Spiritual and religious uses - - - - 29
2.3.10 Other Uses - - - - - - - 29
2.3.11 Advertise Effects and Toxicology - - - 31
2.3.12 Other Properties ----- - - - - - 32
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Conclusion - - - - - - - 35
3.1 Recommendation -- - - - - - 35
References - - - - - - - 36
CHAPTER ONE
2.0 INTRODUCTION
Thyme is a herb with culinary, medicinal and ornamental uses. Thyme is of the genus thymus, most commonly thymus vulgaris. Thyme leaves are curled, elliptically shaped and very small measuring about one-eight of an inch long and one-sixteenth of an inch wide[1].
Ginger is the underground rhizome of the ginger plant with a firm, striated texture[2]. The flesh of the ginger rhizome can be yellow, white or red in color, depending upon the variety[3].
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, Allium. Allium sativum is a bulbous plant [4].
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Many diseases plague man which man finds difficult in treating, therefore this research work is aimed at finding out simpler and easier ways through which man can cure himself by making use of available and less costly species.
1.2 SCOPE OF STUDY
The purpose of this research work is to access the nutritional and curative effects of thyme, garlic and ginger to human beings or animals when taking them raw or when used for cooking.
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of this research work is to know or access the nutritive and curative effects of thyme, garlic and ginger.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
In ancient Greece, thyme was widely used for its aromatic qualities, being burned as incense in sacred temples. Thyme was also a symbol of courage and admiration with the phrase “the smell of thyme” being a saying that reflected praise unto its subject. Thyme’s association with bravery continued throughout medieval times when it was a ritual for women to give their knights a scarf that had a spring of thyme placed over an embroidered bee. Since the 16th century, thyme oil has been used for its antiseptic properties, both as mouth wash and a topical application.
Thyme has been used since ancient times for its culinary, aromatic and medicinal agent to preserve their decreased pharaohs. The ancient Greeks used it in their baths and burnt it as incense in their temples, believing it was a source of courage. The stead of thyme throughout Europe was thought to be due to the Romans, as they used it to purify their rooms and to “give an aromatic flavour to cheese and liqueurs” [5].
Ginger has a long tradition of being very effective in alleviating symptoms of gastrointestinal distress. In herbal medicine, ginger is regarded as an excellent carminative (a substance which promotes the elimination of intestinal gas) and intestinal spasmolytic (a substance which relaxes and soothes the intestinal tract). Modern scientific research has revealed that ginger possesses numerous therapeutic properties including antioxidant effects, an ability to inhibit the formation of inflammatory compounds and direct anti-inflammatory effects [6].
Garlic close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive [7] and rakkyo. With a history of human use of over 7,000 years, garlic is native to central Asia [8] and has long been a staple in the Mediterranean region, as ell as a frequent seasoning in Asia, Africa, and Europe. It was known to Ancient Egyptians, and has been used for both culinary and medicinal purposes[9].
2.1 THYME (Thymus vulgaris)
Thyme is a delicate looking herb with a penetrating fragrance, thyme is a wonderful addition to bean, egg and vegetable dishes. Both fresh and dried thyme is available in local supermarkets throughout the year. Thyme leaves are curled, elliptically shaped and very small, measuring about one-eight of an inch long and one-sixteenth of an inch wide. The upper leaf is green-grey in color on top, while the underside is a whitish color. Along with fresh springs of parsley and bay leaves, thyme is included in the French combination of herbs called bouquet garni used to season stock, stews and soups [10].
Thyme has about sixty different varieties including French (common) thyme, lemon thyme, orange thyme and silver thyme, this herb is sure to add some spice to your life. French thyme is known scientifically as Thymus vulgaris. Thyme is not a commonly allergenic food and is not known to contain measurable amount of oxalates or purines[11].
The volatile oil components of thyme have also been shown to have antimicrobial activity against a host of different bacteria and fungi. Staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and shigella sonnei are a few of the species against which thyme has been shown to have antibacterial activity. For thousands of years, herbs and spices have been used to help preserve foods and protect them from microbial contamination, now research shows that both thyme and basil contain constituents that can both prevent contamination and decontaminate previously contaminated foods. In 2004 researchers found that thyme essential oil was able to decontaminate lettuce inoculated with shigella, an infectious organism that triggers diarrhea and may cause significant intestinal damage. In addition, washing produce in solution containing either basil or thyme essential oil at the very low concentration of just 1% resulted in dropping the number of shigella bacteria below the point at which they could be defected. While scientists use this research to try to develop natural food preservatives, it makes good sense to include thyme and basil in more of your recipes, particularly for foods that are to cooked such as salads. Adding fresh thyme and/or basil to your next vinaigrette will not only enhance the flavour of your fresh greens, but will help ensure that the fresh produce you consume is safe to eat[12].
2.1.1 HEALTH BENEFITS
Thyme has a long history of use in natural medicine in connection with chest and respiratory problems including coughs, bronchitis and chest congestion. Only recently, however, have researchers pinpointed some of the components in thyme that bring about its healing effects. The volatile oil components of thyme are now known to include carvacolo, borneol, geraniol, but most importantly thymol[13].
2.1.2 CULTIVATED AREAS
Thyme is native to areas such as Asia, Southern Europe and the Mediterranean region and is also cultivated in North America.
2.1.3 NUTRITIONAL PROFILE
Thyme is an excellent source of vitamin C. It is a very good source of vitamin A (in the form of Provitamin A carotenoid phytonutrients) as well as a good source of iron, manganese, copper and fiber.
2.1.4 HOW TO STORE AND SELECT
Whenever possible, choose fresh thyme over the dried form of the herb since it is superior in flavour. The leaves of fresh thyme should look fresh and be a vibrant green gray in colour. They should be free from dark spots or yellowing. Even though dried herbs and spices like thyme are widely available in superior markets, you may want to explore the local spice store in your area. Often times, these stores feature an expensive selection of dried herbs and spices that are of superior quality and freshness compared to those offered in regular markets. Just like with other dried spices, when purchasing dried thyme, try to select that which is organically grown since this will give you more assurance that it has not been irradiated. Fresh thyme should be stored in the refrigerator wrapped in a slightly damp paper towel. Dried thyme should be kept in a tightly sealed glass container in a cool, dark and dry place where it will keep fresh for about six months.
2.1.5 SIGNIFICANT ANTI-OXIDANT PROTECTION OF CELLULAR MEMBRANES
Thymol named after the herb itself is the primary volatile oil constituent of thyme, and its health-supporting effects are well documented. In studies on aging in rats, thymol has been found to protect and significantly increase the percentage of healthy fats found in cell membranes and other cell structures. In particular, the amount of DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, an omega – 3 fatty acid) in brain, kidney, and heart cell membranes was increased after dietary supplementation with thyme. In other studies looking more closely at changes in the brains cells themselves, researchers found that the maximum benefits of thyme occurred when the food was introduced very early in the lifecycle of the rats, but was less effective in offsetting the problems in brain cell aging when introduced late in the aging process. Thyme also contain a variety of flavonoids, including apigenin, naringenin, inteolin, and thymonin. These flavonoids increase thyme’s antioxidant capacity, and combined with its status as a good source of manganese, gives thyme a high standing on the list of antioxidant foods.
2.2 GINGER
Ginger is the underground rhizome of the ginger plant with a firm, striated texture [14]. The flesh of the ginger rhizome can be yellow, white or red in color, depending upon the variety [15]. It is covered with a brownish skin that may either be thick or thin, depending upon whether the plant was harvested when it was mature or young. Ginger is aromatic, pungent and spicy, it adds a special flavour and zest to Asian stir fries and many fruit and vegetable dishes. Fresh ginger root is available year round in the produce section of our local markets.
Ginger is botanically known as Zingiber officinale. The plant’s botanical name is thought to be derived from its Sanskrit name singabera which means “horn shaped,” a physical characteristic that ginger reflects [16].
2.2.1 HISTORY
Native to southeastern Asia, a region whose cuisines still feature this wonderfully spicy herb, ginger has been renowned for millennia in many areas throughout the world. Ginger is mentioned in ancient Chinese, Indian and Middle Eastern writings, and has long been prized for its aromatic, culinary and medicinal properties. After the ancient Romans imported ginger from China almost two thousand years ago, its popularity in Europe remained centered in the Mediterranean region until the Middle Ages when its use spread throughout other countries. Although it was a very expensive spice, owing to the fact that it had to be imported from Asia, it was still in great demand. In an attempt to make it more available, Spanish explorers introduced ginger to the west indies, Mexico and South America, and in the 16th century, these areas began exporting the precious herb back to Europe. Today, the top commercial producers of ginger include Jamaica, India, Fiji, Indonesia and Australia [17].
2.2.2 INDIVIDUAL CONCERNS
Ginger is not a commonly allergenic food and is not known to contain measurable amount of oxalates or purines [18].
2.2.3 HEALTH BENEFITS
Historically, ginger has a long tradition of being very effective in alleviating symptoms of gastrointestinal distress. In herbal medicine, ginger is regarded as an excellent carminative (a substance which promotes the elimination of intestinal gas) and intestinal spasmolytic (a substance which relaxes and soothes the intestinal tract). Modern scientific research has revealed that ginger possesses numerous therapeutic properties including antioxidant effects, an ability to inhibit the formation of inflammatory compounds, and direct-anti-inflammatory effects [19].
2.2.4 GASTROINTESTINAL RELIEF
A due to ginger’s success in eliminating gastrointestinal distress is offered by recent double-blind studies, which have demonstrated that ginger is very effective in preventing the symptoms of motion sickness especially seasickness. Infact, in one study, ginger was shown to be far superior to Dramamine, a commonly used over-the-counter and prescription drug for motion sickness. Ginger reduces all symptoms associated with motion sickness including dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and cold sweating [20].
2.2.5 SAFE AND EFFECTIVE RELIEF OF NAUSEA AND VOMITING DURING PREGNANCY
Ginger’s anti-vomiting action has been shown to be very useful in reducing the nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, even the most severe form, hyperemesis gravidarum, a condition which usually requires hospitalization.
In a double-blind trial, ginger root brought about a significant reduction in both the severity of nausea and number of attacks of vomiting in 19 of 27 women in early pregnancy (less than 20 weeks). Unlike the anti vomiting drugs, which can severe birth defects, ginger is extremely safe, and only a small dose is required. Obstetrics and Gynecology has confirmed that ginger is effective in relieving the severity of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. The review also confirmed the absence of significant side effects or adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes [21].
2.2.6 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS
Ginger contains very potent anti-inflammatory compounds called gingerols. These substances are believed to explain why so many people with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis experience reductions in their pain levels and improvements in their mobility when they consume ginger regularly. In two clinical studies involving patients who responded to conventional drugs and those who didn’t, physicians found that 75% of arthritis patients and 100% of patients with muscular discomfort experienced relief of pain and/or swelling.[22]
Arthritis – related problems with your aging kness – regularly spicing up your meals with fresh ginger may help, suggests a study published in a recent issue of osteoarthritis cartilage. A study published in the November 2003 issue of life sciences suggests that at least one reason for ginger’s beneficial effects is the free radical protection afforded by one of its active phenolic constituents, 6 – gingerol. In this in vitro (test tube) study, 6 – gingerol was shown to significantly inhibit the production of nutric oxide, a highly reactive nitrogen molecule that quickly forms a very damaging free radical called peroxynitrite. Another study appearing in the November 2003 issue of Radiation Research found that in mice, five days treatment with ginger (10 mg per kilogram of body weight) prior to exposure to radiation not only prevented an increase in free radical damage of lipids (fats found in numerous bodily compounds from cell membranes to cholesterol), but also greatly lessened depletion of the animals stores of glutathione, one of the body’s most important internally produced antioxidant [23].
A study published in the February 2005 issue of the journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine Sheds further light on the mechanisms of action that underlie ginger’s anti-inflammatory effectiveness. In this research, ginger was shown to suppress the pro-inflammatory compounds (cytokines and chemokines) produced by synoviocytes (cells comprising the synovial lining of the joints), chrondrocytes (cells comprising joint cartilage) and leukocytes (immune cells).
2.2.7 PROTECTION AGAINST COLORECTAL CANCER
Gingerols, the main active components in ginger and the ones responsible for its distinctive flavor, may also inhibit the growth of human colorectal cancer cells, suggests research presented at the frontiers in cancer prevention research, a major meeting of cancer experts that took kplace in phoenix, AZ, October 26. n this study, researchers from the university of Minnesota’s Hormel Institute fed mice specially bred to lack an immune system a half milligram of (6 ) – gingerol three times a week before and after injecting human colorectal cancer cells into their flanks. Control nice received no (6) – gingerol. Tumors first appeared 15 days after the mice were injected, but only 4 tumors were found in the group of – gingerol – treated mice compared to 13 in the control mice, plus the tumors in the – gingerol group were smaller on average. Even by day 38, one mouse in the (6 ) – gingerol group still had no measurable tumors. By day 49, all the control mice had been euthanized since their tumors had grown to one cubic centimeter (0.06 cubic inch), while tumors in 12 of the (6) – gingerol treated mice still averaged 0.5 cubic centimeter – half the maximum tumor size allowed before euthanization. Research associate professor Ann Bode noted, “The results strongly suggest that ginger compounds may be effective chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal carcinomas” [24].
2.2.8 GINGER INDUCES CELL DEATH IN OVARIAN CANCER CELL
Lab experiments presented at the 97th Annual meeting of the American Association for cancer, by Dr. Rebecca Lui and her colleagues from the university of Michigan, showed that gingerols, the active phytonutrients in ginger, kill ovarian cancer cells by inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) and autophagocytosis (self – digestion). Ginger extracts have been shown to have both antroxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects on cells. To investigate the latter, Dr. Liu examined the effect of a whole ginger extract containing 5% gingerol on a number of different ovarian cancer cell lines. Exposure to the ginger extract caused cell death in all the ovarian cancer lines studied. A pro-inflammatory state is thought to be an important contributing factor. In the development of ovarian cancer in the presence of ginger, a number of key indicators of inflammation (vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin – 8 and prostaglandin E.2) were also decreased in the ovarian cancer cells [25].
2.2.9 IMMUNE BOOSTING ACTION
Ginger can not only be warming on a cold day, but can help promote healthy sweating, which is often helpful during colds and flus. A good sweat may do a lot more than simply assist detoxification. German researchers have recently found out that sweat contains a potent germ-fighting agent that may help fight off infections. Investigators have isolated the gene responsible for the compound and the protein it produces, which they have named dermicidin. Dermicidin is manufactured in the body’s sweat glands, secreted into the sweat, and transported to the skin’s surface where it provides protection against invading microorganisms, including bacteria such as E.coli and staphylococcus aureus (a common cause of skin infections), and fungi, incuding candida albicans. Ginger is so concentrated with active substances, you don’t have to use very much to receive its beneficial effects. For nausea, ginger tea made by steeping one or two ½ inch slices (one ½ - inch slice equals 2/3 of an ounce) of fresh ginger in a cup of hot water will likely be all you need to settle your stomach. For arthritis, some people have found relief consuming as little as a ¼ - inch slice of fresh ginger cooked in food, although in the studies noted above, patients who consumed more ginger reported quicker and better relief.
2.2.10 HOW TO SELECT AND STORE
Whenever possible, choose fresh ginger over the dried form of the spice since it is not only superior in flavour but contains higher levels of gingerol as well as ginger’s active protease (it’s anti-inflammatory compound). Fresh ginger root is sold in the produce section of markets. When purchasing fresh ginger root, make sure it is firm, smooth and free of mold. Ginger is generally available in two forms, either young or mature. Mature ginger, the more widely available type, has a tough skin that requires feeling while young ginger, usually only available in Asian markets, does not need to be peeled. Ginger is also available in several other forms including crystallized, candied and pickled ginger. Fresh ginger can be stored in the refrigerator for up to three weeks if it is left unpeeled. Stored unpeeled in the freezer, it will keep for up to six months. Dried ginger powder should be kept in a highly sealed glass container in a cool, dark and dry place, alternatively, you can store it in the refrigerator where it will enjoy an extended shelf life of about one year.
2.2.11 TIPS FOR PREPARING GINGER
To remove the skin from fresh mature ginger, peel with a paring knife. The ginger can then be sliced, minced or julienned. The taste that ginger imparts to a dish depends upon when it is added during the cooking process. Added at the beginning, it will lend a subtler flavour while added near the end, it will deliver a more pungent taste.
2.3 GARLIC (Allium sativum)
Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic is a bulbous plant. It grows up to 1.2m (4ft) in height. It produces hermaphrodite flowers. Pollination occurs by bees and other insects [26]. K The composition of the bulbs is approximately 84.09% water, 13.38% organic matter, and 1535 inorganic matter, while the leaves are 87.14% water, 11.27% organic matter, and 1.595 inorganic mater[27] [28].
2.3.1 ORIGIN AND MAJOR TYPES
“A difficulty in the identification of its wild progenitor is the sterility of the cultivars”, though it is thought to be descended from the species allium longicuspis, which grows wild in central and southwestern Asia.[29][30][31]. Alliu sativum (Garlic) grows in the wild in areas where it has become naturalized. The “wild garlic”, “grow garlic”, and “field garlic” of Britain are members of the species Allium Ursinum, Allnium vineale, and Allium oleraceum, respectively. In north America, Allium vineale (known as “wild garlic” or “Grow garlic) and Allium canadense, known as “meadow garlic” or “wild garlic” and “wild onion”, are common weeds in fields. [32] One of the best known “garlics”, the so-called elephant garlic, is actually a wild leek (Allium ampeloprasum), and not a true garlic. Single clove garlic (also called pearl or solo garlic) originated in the yumnan province of china.
2.3.2 SUBSPECIES AND VARIETIES
There are two subspecies of A. sativum, [33] ten major groups of varieties, and hundreds of varieties or cultivator [34]. (i) A. Sativum var. ophioscorodon (link) Dou, called ophioscorodon, or hard necked garlic, includes porcelain garlics, rocambole garlic, and purple stripe garlic. It is sometimes considered to be a separate species, Allium ophioscorodon G. Don.
(ii) A. sativum var. sativum, or soft-necked garlic, includes artichoke garlic, silverskin garlic, and creole garlic.
2.3.3 CULTIVATION
Garlic is easy to grow and can be grown year round in mild climates. While sexual propagation of garlic is indeed possible, nearly all of the garlic in cultivation is propagated asexually, by planting individual cloves in the ground [35]. In cold climates, cloves are planted in the autumn, about six weeks before the soil freezes, and harvested in late spring. The cloves must be planted at sufficient depth to prevent freeze/thaw which causes mold or white root. [36]. Two of the major pathogens that attack garlic are ner\matodes and white rot disease, which remain in the soil indefinitely after the ground has become infected [37]. Garlic also can suffer from pink rot, a typically nonfatal disease that stunts the roots and turns them pink or red. [38]. Garlic plants can be grown closely together, leaving enough space for the bulbs to mature, and are easily grown in containers of sufficient depth. Garlic does well in loose, dry, well drained soils in sunny locations, and is hardly throughout USDA climate zones 4 – 9. Garlic plants prefer to grow in a soil with a high organic material content, but are capable of growing in a wide range of soil conditions and PH levels. Hardneck garlic is generally grown in cooler climates; soft neck garlic is generally grown closer to the equator. [39][40].
2.3.4 PRODUCTION TRENDS
Garlic is grown globally, but China is by far the largest producer of garlic, with approximately 10.5 million tones (23 billion pounds) grown annually accounting for over 77% of world output. India (4.1%) and South Korea (2%) follow, with Egypt and Russia (1.6%) tied in fourth place and the United States (where garlic is grown in every state except for Alaska) in sixth place (1.4%) [41]. This leaves 16% of global garlic production in countries that each produce less than 2% of global output. Much of the garlic production in the United States is centered in Gilroy, California, which calls itself the “garlic capital of the world”[42].
2.3.5 STORAGE
Domestically, garlic is stored warm [above 180C (640F)] and dry to keep it dormant (lest it sprout). it is traditionally hung; softneck varieties are often braided in strands called plaits or grappes. Peeled cloves may be stored in wine or vinegar in the refrigerator [43]. Commercially, garlic is stored at 00C (320F), in a dry, low-humidity environment [44]. Garlic will keep longer if the tops remain attached. [45]. Garlic is often kept in oil to produce flavoured oil; however, the practice requires measures to be taken to prevent the garlic from spoiling. Untreated garlic kept in oil can support the growth of clostridium botulinum which causes the deadly botulism illness. According to Wikihow, the garlic immersed in oil should be stored in the freezer and not the fridge [46]. Manufacturers add acids and/or other chemicals to eliminate the risk of botulism in their products. [47]. Two outbreaks of botulism related to garlic stored in oil have been reported. [48] [49]. Garlic bulbs should be clean and white with a dried neck and outer skin and quite firm under pressure. They should be discarded if they are soft or spongy or show signs of mould.
2.3.6 CULINARY USES
The garlic plant’s bulb is the most commonly used part of the plant. With the exception of the single clove types, garlic bulbs are normally divided into numerous fleshy sections called cloves. Garlic cloves are used for consumption (raw or cooked) or for medicinal purposes. They have a characteristics pungent, spicy flavour that mellows and sweetens considerably with cooking [50]. Other parts of the garlic plant are also edible. The leaves and flowers (bulbils) on the head (spathe) are sometimes eaten. They are milder in flavour than the bulbs, [51] and are most often consumed while immature and still tender. Inedible or rarely eaten parts of the garlic plant include the “skin” over various parts of the plant are generally discarded during preparation for most culinary uses, though in Korea immature while heads are sometimes prepared with the tender skins intact. [52]. In some cuisines, the young bulbs are picked for three to six weeks in a mixture of sugar, salt, and spices. In Eastern Europe, the shoots are picked and eaten as an appetizer. Laba garlic, prepared by soaking garlic in vinegar, is a type of pickled garlic severed with dumplings in northern china to celebrate the Chinese new year [53].
2.3.7 HISTORICAL USES
Garlic has been sued as both food and medicine in many cultures for thousands of years, dating at least as far back as when the Giza pyramids were built. Garlic is still grown in Egypt, but the Syrian variety is the kind most esteemed now. Hippocrates, Galen, Pliny the Elder, and Dioscorides allmention the use of garlic for many conditions, including parasites, respiratory problems, poor digestion, and low energy. Its use in China dates back to 2000 BCE. [54]. Early in the 20th century, it was sometimes used in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis or phthisis. Garlic was rare in traditional English cuisine (though it is said to have been grown in England before 1548) and has been a much more common ingredient in Mediterranean Europe. Garlic was placed by the ancient Greeks on the files of stones at crossroads, as a supper for Hecate (Theophrastus, Characters, the superstitious man). A similar practice of hanging garlic, lemon and red chili at the door or in a ship to ward off potential evil, is still very common in India [55]. According to Pliny, garlic and onions were invoked as deities by the Egyptians at the taking of oaths. (Pliny also stated garlic demagnetizes codestones, which is not factual)[56]. The inhabitants of pelusium, in lower Egypt (who worshiped the onion), are said to have had an aversion to both onions and garlic as food.
2.3.8 MEDICINAL USES
Allium sativum (garlic) has been found to reduce platelete aggregation [57] [58] [59] and hyperlipidemia [60] [61] [62] indicating that consuming it is contraindicated for patients taking blood-thinning medications [63]. Some studies found garlic supplementation reduced accumulation of cholesterol on the vascular walls of animals, [64] and humans [65] [66] [67]. Although claimed to help prevent and treat the common cold, a review failed to find reliable evidence for its effectiveness [68]. Garlic has a long history of use in practices of folk medicine, [69’ and remains under study in the field of alternative medicine. The Cherokee used it as an expectorant for coughs and croup[70]. It was used as an antiseptic to prevent gangrene during World War I and World War II [71].
2.3.9 SPIRITUAL AND RELIGIOUS USES
Garlic has been regarded as a force for both good and evil. In Europe, many cultures have used garlic for protection or white magic, perhaps owing to its reputation as a potent preventive medicine. Central European folk beliefs considered garlic a powerful ward against demons, werewolves, and vampires. To ward off vampires, garlic could be worm, hung in windows, or rubbed on chimneys and keyholes [72]73]. In Islam, it is forbidden for Muslims who have eaten raw garlic to pray in a mosque, since the odor could distract other Muslims during their prayer [74]. The prophet Muhammed himself dislike eating garlic [75]. However, Muslims are allowed to eat garlic by cooking it first until the smell from the garlic dries out[77]. In some Buddhist traditions, garlic along with the other fire “pungent spices”, is understood to stimulate sexual and aggressive drives to the detriment of meditation practice[77].
2.3.10 OTHER USES
The sticky juice within the bulb cloves is used as an adhesive in mending glass and porcelain [78]. An environmentally benign garlic drives polysulfide product is approved for use in the European Union (under Annex 1 of 91/4/4) and the UK as a nematicide and insecticide, including for use for control of cabbage root fly and red mite in poultry [79]. Garlic along with cinnamon is used as a fish and meat preservative, and displays antimicrobial property at temperatures as high as 120 degree Celsius; the combination can also be used to preserve fried and deep fried foods, and in the future might be used in an inner layer of plastic [80] [81] [82] [83] [84].
2.3.11 ADVERTISE EFFECTS AND TOXICOLOGY
Garlic is known for causing bad breath (halitosis), as well as causing sweat to have a pungent “garlicky” smell, which is caused by allyl methyl sulfide (AMS). AMS is a volatile liquid which is absorbed into the blood during the metabolism of garlic-derived sulfur compounds: from the blood it travels to the lungs [85] (and from there to the mouth, causing bad breadth; see garlic breath) and skin, where it is exuded through skin pores. Washing the skin with soap is only a partial and imperfect solution to the smell. Studies have shown sipping milk at the same time as consuming garlic can significantly neutralize bad breath[86]. Mixing garlic with milk in the mouth before swallowing reduced the odor better than drinking milk afterward. Garlic reduces platelet aggregation (as does aspirin), [87] indicating that consuming high quantities of garlic and garlic supplements may cause an increased risk of bleeding, particularly during pregnancy, after surgery or during childbirth. [88] [89]. Alliums might be toxic to cats or dogs [90]. Garlic may interact with warefarin, antiplatelets, sequinavir, antihypertensives, calcium channel blockers, quinolone family of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, and hypoglycemic drugs, as well as other medications [91] [92].
2.3.12 OTHER PROPERTIES
The well-known phenomenon of “garlic breath” is allegedly alleviated by eating fresh parsley [93]. The herb is, therefore, included in many garlic recipes, such as piston, persillade, and the garlic butter spread used in garlic bread. However, since the odor results mainly from digestive processes placing compounds such as AMS in the blood, and AMS is then released through the lungs over the course of many hours, eating parsley provides only a temporary masking. One way of accelerating the release of AMS from the body is the use of a sauna. Because of the AMS in the blood-stream, it is believed by some to act as a mosquito repellent, but no clinically reported evidence suggests it is actually effective [94]. A large number of sulfur compounds contribute to the smell and taste of garlic. Allicin has been found to be the compound most responsible for the “hot” sensation of raw garlic. This chemical opens thermo-transient receipt potential channels that are responsible for the burning sense of heat in foods. The process of cooking garlic removes allicin, thus mellowing its spiciness [95]. Allicin, along with its decomposition products diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide, are major contributors to the characteristic odor of garlic, while other allicin-derived compounds, such as vinyldithins and ajoene show beneficial in vitro biological activity [96]. Because of its strong odor, garlic is sometimes called the “stinking rose”. When eaten in quantity, garlic may be strongly evident in the dinner’s sweat and garlic breath the following day. This is because garlic’s strong-smelling sulfur compounds are metabolized, forming allyl methyl sulfide. Allyl methyl sulfide (AMS) cannot be digested and is passed into the blood. It is carried to the lungs and the skin, where it is excreted. Since digestion takes several hours more, the effect of eating garlic may be present for a long time [97]. Abundant sulfur compounds in garlic are also responsible for turning garlic green or blue during pickling and cooking. Under these conditions (i.e. acidity, heat) the sulfur – containing compound allunase react with common amino acids to make pyrroles, clusters of carbon – nitrogen rings [98] [99]. These rings can be linked together into polypyrrole molecules. Ring structures absorb particular wavelengths of lights and thus appear colored. The two-pyrrole molecule looks red, the three pyrrole molecule looks blue and the four – pyrrole molecule looks green (like chlorophyll, a tetrapyrrole). Like chlorophyll, the pyrrole pigments are safe to eat[100].
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONCLUSION
Spices are nutritionally beneficial to man because of their vitamins and health benefits e.g. thyme is an excellent source of vitamin C and very good source of vitamin A, also a good source of iron, fiber and manganese etc. Ginger is not an allergenic food and it is not known to contain measurable amount of oxalates or purines. Garlic also is an excellent source of vitamin C.
3.1 RECOMMENDATION
Spices (thyme, ginger and garlic) are nutritive according to above statement. People are therefore encouraged to take these species especially ginger and garlic raw as well as use them for cooking.
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82. Verma, Vipul et al. (2012). “antibacterial activity of extracts of citrus, Allium and Punica against food borne spoilage”. Asian Journal of plant science and Research 2 (4): 503 – 509.
83. Sah, Pankaj; AL – Tamimi, Balqees: AL-Nassri, Najat and AL-Mamari, Rahma, “Effect of temperature on Antibiotic properties of Garlic (Allinum sativum L.) and ginger (zingber officinale Rose)”. African Journal of Biotechnology II (95): 16195-16195. doi. 10. 5897/AJB 12.1402 – edit.
84. Rakshit, Madhumita et al (2012). “Bioedible coating of meat using garlic, cinnamon and turmeric”. European Journal of experimental Biology 2 (5): 1439 – 1443.
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5 reasons why you should buy Mama's best oil-Palm oil
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This is to let u know that Mama's best oil now runs home delivery service most within Abuja, and outside Abuja on demand.
our products are as follow
1. Coconut oil
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Lush, shiny, manageable and healthy hair can be yours, with coconut oil!
You can even clear out commercial conditioners, shine, and styling products, and replace them with this all-natural solution. Coconut oil is rich in anti-microbial properties, lauric acid, and medium-chain fatty acids that strengthen hair, condition the scalp, and help to regrow hair.
While I have supported the internal health benefits of coconut oil for quite sometime, it’s time to bring light to coconut oil’s other uses, one of which is using it as an all-natural, multi-tasking hair care product. Rich in vitamins, minerals and other nutrients, the nourishing benefits coconut oil for hair keeps your hair strong, shiny and looking great!
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Benefits of Coconut Oil for Hair
If your hair is dry and brittle, chances are you are not consuming enough fresh water. Water helps to keep the entire body hydrated, including hair and skin. As we age, hormone health plays a significant part in the health of hair as well.
Eat for your best hair health by including lots of healthy fats, drinking plenty of water, and using natural hair care products, including coconut oil for hair, instead of dangerous chemical laden shampoos, conditioners or styling agents.
Coconut oil is rich in antioxidants, and has antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. When used on hair, it improves scalp health, fights infections and fungus, supports hair growth, all while adding volume and shine without the common harmful chemicals.
If you look on the ingredient labels of many of your favorite cosmetics and hair products, you will find coconut oil listed. However, most cosmetics and hair products also contain other ingredients that can be harmful to your health, while actually damaging your hair and skin.
The harsh chemicals in commercial hair care products can leave your hair flat, dry, and damaged. Adding coconut oil in small amounts simply isn’t enough. So avoid traditional products and add coconut oil to your regimen along with your favorite natural organic shampoos and products.
While some of these healthier hair products may cost a little more, the good news is that food-grade coconut oil is safe, affordable, and can effectively replace many hair care products in your cabinets.
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5 Ways to Use Coconut Oil for Hair
1. Conditioner
Coconut oil is free of the scary chemicals that lurk in commercial hair products, and is an excellent conditioner, for all types of hair. According to a study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science, coconut oil out performs sunflower oil and mineral oil, and is the only oil that reduces protein loss.(1) Avoid all beauty products that contain mineral oil, especially for children.
It is the protein loss in hair that leads to dryness and breakage. The lauric acid has a low molecular weight, and is able to actually penetrate the hair shaft, nourishing the hair with vitamins, minerals and the medium-chain fatty acids.
Coconut oil helps to prevent damage from combing and brushing, and it is safe to use on children. It can be used as a leave-in conditioner, or used as an intensive conditioner for a couple of hours, or overnight. The key to using all natural coconut oil as a leave-in hair conditioner, is finding the right amount for your hair. A little goes a long way.
TO CONDITION:
For short hair, start with just a ¼ teaspoon, warmed in your palms. For longer, thicker hair, you may need up to a ½ tablespoon. You want to use sparingly on thinner hair, as it can weigh hair down if too much is used. Pay particular attention to ends and the shaft of the hair. Smooth through hair, and proceed to style as normal.
As an intensive conditioner to restore hair, after washing with a gentle natural shampoo, apply 1 teaspoon (for short hair), 2 teaspoons (for shoulder length hair) and 1 tablespoon (for long hair) after warming in the palm of your hands. Apply to hair shaft and ends, and then rub into scalp. Cover with a shower cap, and leave on for 1-2 hours, or overnight. Wash with gentle shampoo, and style as normal.
For dry or damaged hair, add a couple of drops of sandalwood essential oil and/or geranium essential oil for both leave-in and intensive coconut oil for hair conditioning treatments. These essential oils support moisture retention, and work to increase the moisturizing and conditioning effects of the coconut oil for hair.
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2. Hair Growth 
Coconut oil is a safe, effective, and reasonably priced solution if you have thinning hair. It can actually help grow hair, longer and thicker. The essential nutrients including the lauric acid, penetrates the hair shaft improving the overall health of the hair.
The health of hair is often a result of internal issues, and incorporating natural hair loss remedies will help. Foods high in Omega-3 fats, pumpkin, chia, and flax seeds, and green tea, and all help support healthy hair growth, from the inside out. Before trying prescription hair growth preparations that only work for 50% of individuals (2) and only works with continued use, modify your diet, and use coconut oil for hair conditioning and styling. The harsh chemicals can cause scalp irritation and even hair growth where hair is not desired.
HAIR GROWTH TREATMENT:
When massaged into the scalp, coconut oil helps to improve blood circulation, supporting hair growth. It is important to massage the coconut oil into the scalp with gentle pressure for 10 minutes, 3 or 4 times per week. If you want to just focus on scalp conditioning and hair growth, you will only need 1 teaspoon.
However, if you want the benefits of a deep conditioning, follow the steps above. Instead of using sandalwood essential oil, add 4 drops of rosemary essential oil, which is known to increase new hair growth over 20%. Rosemary oil also helps to increase circulation in the scalp, and when used with coconut oil can produce fantastic results.
After massaging the oils into the scalp for 10 minutes, place a shower cap on, and allow the heat of your body to work with the oils to improve scalp health. Follow with a gentle cleanser like my Homemade Rosemary Mint Shampoo. It smells great, and is gentle on all hair types.
Rich with vitamin K and vitamin E, coconut oil helps to reduce dandruff, and make hair follicles healthy. These treatments are not just for thinning hair; if you are experiencing hair fall while washing, brushing, or style, these treatments with essential oils can help.
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3. Dandruff 
People have used coconut oil for skin for hundreds of years to fight dandruff. This unsightly, and often itchy, condition can be caused by dry skin conditions, sensitivity to the harsh chemicals in hair care products, and commonly yeast-like fungal (Malassezia) infections.(3)
Coconut oil’s medium-chain fatty acids including lauric acid and capric acid, have strong antiviral, antimicrobial and antifungal properties that target the fungus and help to kill it as well as viruses and bacteria that may be lurking on your scalp.
Many prescription and over-the-counter dandruff shampoos can actually make dandruff worse, and don’t fix the root cause of the flakiness. If the problem is fungal, or if the problem is dry skin, topical applications of coconut oil will make a difference.
Many commercial shampoos contain chemicals that are harmful. These include parabens, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, and many others. Dandruff shampoos are even worse, and contain ammonium laureth sulfate, magnesium aluminum silicate, and selenium sulfide.
And the majority of the time, these preparations simply do not work. The goal is to make the scalp healthier, free from fungus, and moisturized, to put an end to dandruff. Treating with coconut oil will not make dandruff go away overnight, but many can see results in just a week or so.
TO TREAT DANDRUFF:
Essential oils including lavender, wintergreen, thyme, and tea tree, all help to fight fungus and yeast. For an intensive dandruff treatment, after washing hair, mix 2 teaspoons of coconut oil with 5 drops of one of the oils mentioned above, or a combination, and massage into the scalp.
Be sure to really work the mixture into the scalp, from neck to forehead, and behind the ears. Cover with a shower cap, and if possible sit in the sun for 20-30 minutes to increase the heat, or simply use a hair dryer on a low setting to heat the cap.
Remove cap, and wash with a gentle natural shampoo. Repeat this 2 to 3 times per week, or even more often, as desired. Like with the conditioning or hair growth treatment, you can leave it on overnight. Just be sure to wear the shower cap to avoid staining bed linens.
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4. Styling
Yes, coconut oil is a great styling agent, and free from the dangerous chemicals in conventional hair care products! This is one of the most overlooked coconut oil for hair uses. Hair dryers, flat irons, hot rollers, and curling irons zap the moisture out of the hair shaft causing it to be brittle and prone to tangling.
Coconut oil helps to prevent this type of thermal damage, and when used in the proper amount for your hair length and texture, tames fly aways, frizz, and more. People with thick curly hair often fight frizz in humid climates. Coconut oil helps to tame the frizz, by penetrating into the curls. It can be applied throughout the day for touch-ups, just be sure to use it sparingly.
TO TAME FRIZZ:
Start with a tiny amount (1/4 teaspoon – 1 teaspoon) depending on hair, warming in palms. Smooth from root to tips, and blow dry and style as desired. It will take just a bit longer to dry your hair, but it will be soft, shiny, and manageable.
Disguise split ends, and nourish them at the same time by using just a tiny bit of coconut oil on just the ends.
TO PROTECT FROM THE SUN:
Hair, like skin, is prone to sun damage. Coconut oil is a natural sunscreen, with an SPF of 8.(4) If you are planning a day out in the sun, use it as a leave-in conditioner for all day protection. And, while you are at it, use it on exposed skin as well. Coconut oil is a safe and effective sunscreen for children and adults alike.
TO DETANGLE:
Detangling hair is a chore; and can often cause breakage. Coconut oil improves hair break stress by penetrating the hair shaft. (5) It also surrounds the hair, and makes it easier to remove knots after washing, or in the evenings. Smooth a small amount through hair, paying particular attention to tangled areas and damaged ends. Use a wide toothcomb, starting from the bottom, and slowly work your way up.
Using coconut oil for hair regularly will improve the overall health of the hair, and help to prevent tangles. If tangled hair is a continuing problem, trimming the damage ends will help.
NOTE: If you have thin or fine hair, apply coconut oil sparingly to hair for styling. Also, do not apply it to the scalp as this can weigh down the hair.
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5. Lice Prevention & Lice Treatment
One of the best uses of coconut oil for hair is in the treatment and prevention of lice! According to a study published in the European Journal of Pediatrics, combination of coconut oil and anise spray is more effective, than the commonly used prescription lice treatment permethrin.(6)
In fact, in the controlled study, the coconut oil based spray was 82% successful and the permethrin was only 42% successful, and 33 of the 50 participants reported scalp irritation when following the conventional treatment.
Another study published in the Israel Medical Association Journal found greater success, although they added ylang ylang oil to the coconut oil and anise oil combination. The treatment was successful in 92.3% of children and caused no serious side effects.(7)
Because coconut oil penetrates the hair shaft, and the scalp, it helps to repel lice and can keep their eggs from attaching to the hair. With the addition of essential oils including ylang ylang, tea tree, and anise, lice don’t have a chance.
LICE TREATMENT:
To keep lice at bay, use coconut oil as mentioned above as a leave-in hair conditioner, or to detangle and style hair. If there is an infestation of lice, mix 3 tablespoons of coconut oil with 1 teaspoon of each ylang ylang, anise, and tea tree oils. Double the recipe for longer hair; this should be enough for shoulder-length hair.
Apply the solution all over the scalp, massage in, and pulling through the ends. Comb through the hair with a fine toothcomb. Cover in a shower cap, and allow to sit for 2 hours. If possible, sit in the sun or use a hair dryer to periodically warm up the cap. Carefully remove shower cap, and seal in zip lock bag for disposal.
At the end of 2 hours, comb hair once again, prior to washing and rinsing thoroughly, twice. While hair is still wet, combine 2 cups of apple cider vinegar and 1 cup water in a small spray bottle. Saturate the hair, spraying ½ the bottle on the scalp and hair. Lean over the sink and pour the remaining mixture over the hair, massaging lightly.
Rinse thoroughly and comb hair once again with a fine toothcomb. Follow with a light application of coconut oil, cover with a shower cap, or style as desired, and allow to remain on the hair until next washing.
As with most lice treatments, the process needs to be repeated every 5-10 days for a couple of weeks. This helps to ensure that all lice, and their eggs are eradicated. Between treatments, comb hair morning and night with a fine toothcomb, and use coconut oil as a leave-in conditioner.
As coconut oil both repels and kills lice, at the first notification of a lice outbreak, start using coconut oil as a leave-in conditioner.
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